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Qiao Lin
Qiao Lin (喬琳) (died July 28, 784〔http://www.sinica.edu.tw/ftms-bin/kiwi1/luso.sh?lstype=2&dyna=%AD%F0&king=%BCw%A9v&reign=%BF%B3%A4%B8&yy=1&ycanzi=&mm=7&dd=7&dcanzi=〕) was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor briefly early in the reign of Emperor Dezong. He later served the rebel ruler Zhu Ci, and after Tang forces destroyed Zhu's regime, was executed despite his old age.
== Background and early career ==
It is not known which year Qiao Lin was born,〔However, based on the assertions in his biographies in the ''Old Book of Tang'' and the ''New Book of Tang'', which indicated that he was "in his 70s" when he was executed, and based on the Chinese calculation of ages, he would have been born sometime between 706 and 715. See ''Old Book of Tang'', (vol. 127 ) and ''New Book of Tang'', (vol. 224, part 2 ).〕 but it is known that his family was from Taiyuan. He was poor in his youth and lost his father early, but was studious and became known for his literary abilities. Early in Emperor Xuanzong's ''Tianbao'' era (742-756), he passed the imperial examinations and was made the sheriff of Chengwu County (成武, in modern Heze, Shandong) and later the sheriff of Xingping County (興平, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi). He was later invited by the great general Guo Ziyi to serve as Guo's secretary, and later made a ''Jiancha Yushi'' (監察御史), a mid-level imperial censor. At this time, he was said to be often talkative and jocular, and he often insulted his colleagues. As a result, his relationship with a colleague, Bi Yao (畢耀), which started with mutual jocular insults, evolved into frequent serious disputes such that they accused each other of faults. Qiao was demoted to be a census officer at Ba Prefecture (巴州, in modern Bazhong, Sichuan).〔''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 127.〕
Qiao later served as the magistrate of Nanguo County (南郭, in modern Nanchong, Sichuan), and later the military chief of staff under Zhang Xiancheng (張獻誠) the military governor of Shannan West Circuit (山南西道, headquartered in modern Hanzhong, Shaanxi).〔As Zhang Xiancheng, who had previously been a general of the rebel state Yan submitted to Tang in 762 and only later served as the governor of Shannan West Circuit, and left that office in 767, Qiao's service under him must have occurred during that period. See ''Old Book of Tang'', (vol. 122 ) and ''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 222.〕 After Zhang completed his term of office, Qiao became an assistant to Xianyu Shuming (鮮于叔明) the military governor of Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern Mianyang, Sichuan). He then successively served as the prefect of Guo Prefecture (果州, in modern Nanchong), Mian Prefecture (綿州, in modern Mianyang, Sichuan), and Sui Prefecture (遂州, in modern Suining, Sichuan). He was subsequently recalled to the capital Chang'an to serve as the deputy chief judge of the supreme court (大理少卿, ''Dali Shaoqing'') and then the principal of the imperial university (國子祭酒, ''Guozi Jijiu''). Yet later, he was made the prefect of Huai Prefecture (懷州, in modern Jiaozuo, Henan).〔
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